1."量词" in English refers to "measure words," which are words used to measure, count, or denote units. In Chinese, they are typically used to modify nouns and indicate quantity, weight, length, area, etc. For example, "个" (ge), "只" (zhi), "条" (tiao), "辆" (liang), "张" (zhang), etc., are common measure words.

2."知道" in English is typically translated as "know," indicating understanding, recognition, or awareness of something or someone's situation.

我知道他的名字。

I know his name.

你怎么知道他爸爸是医生？

How do you know his father is a doctor?

你知道阳阳为什么今天没来上学？

Do you know why Yangyang didn't come to school today?

3. "起来" in Chinese typically indicates the beginning or ending of an action, or the continuation of a certain action state. It can be used in various contexts, including before verbs, after verbs, and after adjectives, among others.

He jumped up happily. She burst into laughter. She stood up and walked around.

4. "为什么.....因为....." is typically used to pose a question and explain its reason. The first part "为什么....." asks for the reason or cause of something, while the second part "因为....." is used to answer the question by providing an explanation or reason.

5. "别"“不要”，两个词语意思相同。

6. “的”+ N；“地”+ V ；“得”+ adj